分会场

高效清洁燃烧

摘要

Global decarbonization mandates warrant the use of sophisticated technologies to take the current internal combustion engine (ICE) to the next level. This means burning green hydrogen (H2) and having engine power density and efficiency comparable to those of an advanced diesel engine but with zero emissions. Achieving this objective requires burning H2 at ultra-lean conditions preventing high thermal load on incylinder components and enabling reliable, durable, and cost effective solutions. This scenario has created the motivation to develop new technologies in the areas of prechmaber combustion, ignition and hydrogen fuel injection defining an holistic system solution. In particular, the prechamber must operate with very lean lambda to mitigate the propensity to preignition and the ignition system must be able to deliver an adaptive spark power that assures proper ignition of the ultra-lean hydrogen mixture while preventing the formation of hot spots on the electrodes leading to combustion instabilities. Similarly, the hydrogen injection system must ensure proper mixing preventing the formation of rich pockets causing combustion abnormalities. This paper illustrates the potential of H2-ICE combustion enabled by a holistic combustion solution and validated with engine testing. Specifically, it examines the design and performance attributes of an Adaptive Control Prechamber Ignition and Injection System holistically designed for high power density, high efficiency H2-ICE enabling stable combustion with improved levels of engine power densities (BMEP) and thermal efficiency (BTE) producing virtually zero emissions. In particular, combustion CFD simulations and engine test results for a 250kW Combined Heat & Power (CHP) engine confirm the potential for achieving “diesel like” performance with a BTE greater than 43%, a BMEP greater than 16bar and NOx emission levels well below 50 mg/Nm3. Moreover, an overview of a staged development approach aimed at risk mitigation, together with a high-level technology road map are examined.

关键词

hydrogen;engine;combustion;h2;ignition;injection;lean;clean;zero-emission

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