分会场

交通能源与绿色燃料

摘要

Flame retardants, chiefly polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are widely used in consumer products. Yet, PBDEs are toxic upon accumulation, necessitating their breakdown during incineration in hazardous waste thermal treatment systems (HAWTTS) and removal by air pollution control devices (APCDs). This study assessed the risk of PBDE emissions from HAWTTS. Advanced APCDs, including scrubbers (SCBs), cyclone demisters (CYCDD), and baghouses (BH), were integrated into HAWTTS. Flameless combustion was employed to enhance incineration efficiency. Sludge and/or fly ash (SFA) from SCBs, CYCD, and BH were reintroduced for co-incineration, addressing challenges like high moisture in feedstock and carbon residue adhesion. Analysis showed an increase in low-bromine PBDEs, especially BDE#289, from 0.4% in feedstock to 5.6% in bottom slag, due to decaBDE debromination. Reintroduced SFA served as nucleation sites, promoting PBDE condensation and aggregation in flue gas. A potential for PBDE formation through de novo synthesis was identified during temperature reduction in SCBs, with gaseous PBDE concentrations rising from 0.69 ng/Nm3 at the inlet to 1.36 ng/Nm3 at the outlet. PBDE removal was challenged by their lipophilic and hydrophobic properties, with SCB removing 35.96% and CYCD 37.86% of PBDEs. CYCD's centrifugal force converted low-bromine PBDEs into solids, aiding removal through activated carbon adsorption and filtration. The final PBDE emission was 2.45 ng/Nm3.

关键词

waste incineration; PBDE; flameless combustion; air pollution control devices.

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